The Emergency ration consisted of:

Biscuits (tinned or sealed cardboard/paper wrapper) 17.5 oz

Concentrated food--Course I (2.6 oz of Instant soup or enriched Biscuits)

Concentrated food--Course II  (7.0 oz More of the same---Where available after late 1942, Lend-Lease Tins or even some pre-packaged ration items, such as British Biscuits or dripping spread)

Smoked Sausages 3.5 oz (substituted by lard, fish conserves, bacon)

Sugar 1.2 oz

Tea 0.07 oz

Salt 0.35 oz

Meal and Ration delivery/Field Kitchens:

Planning called for hot meals in the morning and the evening, but this was likely to only be a rare occurrence, especially when war with Germany erupted.

From 1941 through mid-1942, Soviet troops fought on minimal rations, and local procurement was the norm. Greatly prized were captured German rations, and often times raids would be planned around capture of supply dumps specifically containing foodstuffs.

During the initial year of the war, many times regular soldiers would receive regular deliveries of food stuffs as likely from partisans operating behind German lines (but in a zone that was now able to produce limited amounts of food under the watchful eyes of the Wehrmacht), as through regular Red Army supply channels. Later in the war, of course, the reverse happened, as the Germans became more organized in their systematic stripping of resources from the occupied territories.

The aspiring Frontovik fighting for the Rodina should keep the following rations in mind when setting out to fight off the German invasion:

1941-mid 1942:

Virtually no help from the allies-France has fallen, Britain is besieged, and America is sending very infrequent "aid and solidarity" packages, which are meant for use in hospitals.

Regular Russian supply channels are virtually non-existent, and foodstuffs are at a premium. Even though field kitchens try to churn out a hot meal, tea or some form of cereal or soup, even where this is available, it is just not enough.

This means that the rations carried by a Soviet Soldier of the day is most likely a piece of Bread, remnants of the "Untouchable Supply" (if these ever reached his unit in the first place), and possibly some vegetables, a smear of lard in the mess tin, and any other locally obtained items.

Apples, hard pears, prunes

With the stronger involvement of the British (trying to persuade Stalin that the time for a second front has not come yet), food stuffs of British or Commonwealth origin start filtering through. These initially consist of shipments of tinned meats, such as luncheon loaves or Brazilian bully beef, biscuits and compressed soups/broth cubes. Secondly, Britain is also delivering older U.S. made supplies to Russia, such as chocolate bars during the Winter of 1942.

With limited resources, the Soviet military is in many cases not re-labeling the supplies at all, but is merely passing them down to the troops, which initially leads to some confusion what is what, as the British also had the unnerving habit of either color coding or simply leaving un-marked tinned goods destined for specific ration packs. To avoid misdistribution, Soviet planners decide to begin applying small paper slips with one-word description of the contents to most tins, even to those were labels exist. Thus, it was not unusual to find British meat tins with a small buff paper label pasted on the front declaring its contents in Russian. Oddly enough, much of the tea supplied by the British actually came in small cello bags for shelf-life, yet the Soviets decided to expend effort and materials on this by boxing the 1.75 ounce bags in small cardboard boxes labeled "Tea".

This must truly been decided upon back at the institute on the all the  efficiency experts were called to the Kremlin for some "information exchange" with Comrade Stalin!

As the Red Army began turning the tables on the Germans, a vigorous program of agricultural assessment, combined with an aggressive restructuring of the supply system led to somewhat improved conditions. Of course, foreign lend-lease aid was now streaming in large quantities, especially from the US. Even though many Russians called American Meats like Spam® "Second Front" to express their frustration with the delays in invading Fortress Europe in the west, all Soviet soldiers and politicians agreed that these shipments were a strong contribution to the war effort.

Russia even began a large-scale production of their own tinned meat rations, tinned vegetables and more varieties of tinned fish. After mid 1943, even condensed or evaporated milk started reaching the front lines again (albeit much of it from British or US Stores).

One more hint about Russian Army Bread rations:

To this day, the Russian Army divides bread in an odd manner

As it comes in large loaves, two men are involved. One cuts the bread, facing away from the troops. The other stands with his back to him. When a piece is cut, the rear man shouts out "Who gets this piece?", while the second man calls out a name...